Some Thoughts on a Pseudo-Wonk’s Thoughts on the Coming Fiscal Cliff

I don’t ordinarily take guys like Ezra Klein seriously.  He is, after all, the pseudo-wonk who claimed in all seriousness, during a December 2010 interview on MSNBC’s “The Daily Rundown,” that our Constitution doesn’t matter; it’s just an inconvenient scrap of paper too often in the way of the Progressives’ Proper Way:

[The Constitution of the United States] has no binding power on anything.  …the text is confusing because it was written more than a hundred years ago….

However, since he is taken seriously by so many on the Left, and he’s just written another tendentious piece of misunderstanding, I find myself drawn to comment.  In writing for Newsday just after Christmas, he made the remarks described below.

I’ll begin by briefly addressing Klein’s windy argument concerning Conservative distrust of Democrats’ spending cut promises.  Klein insists that welching on such promises is a good thing:

The point of austerity is to solve a deficit problem, not yoke the future to the imperfect forecasts of the past.  Once the deficit problem goes away, so too does the reason for austerity.

He also makes his view of the moral appropriateness of breaking promises explicit:

After 1997, spending rose.  But by then, the economy was roaring, and within a few years, we were at surpluses.  So why shouldn’t Congress have been a bit looser with the purse?

And

But if the economy in eight years is far better than we expect it to be today, Congress should change course.  If the cuts to spending don’t need to be so deep, then huzzah! Ratchet them back.

Because—well, Klein never offers a reason.  For him, Big Government spending Americans’ money is the Natural Order.  Big Government is its own raison d’être.

I’ll address his disingenuousness in claiming that leaving more money in the hands of Americans, rather than those of Big Government—reducing government spending, making possible reducing taxes—is somehow austere later.  First, I’ll talk about his outright lie:

[Conservatives’] goal isn’t to reduce deficits.  If it was, they’d be open to tax increases.

And

[Conservatives’] real goal: Not smaller deficits, but smaller government.

Because raising taxes is the One True Way to reduce deficits.

Actually, on one level, Klein’s charge isn’t a malicious slur, at all: Conservatives aren’t interested in reducing deficits; they’re interested in eliminating them altogether.  But Klein wasn’t going there.  Here’s the thing: Conservatives are interested in…reducing…deficits, by cutting spending.  Conservatives also see the optimal long-term path to this—especially in light of Progressives’ view that breaking promises is morally sound—as being to shrink government back to a small, limited entity that the Sovereign people can better control.  The existence of these alternate paths proves the lie in Klein’s charge.

Interestingly, Klein makes his lie as if he believes, in all sincerity, that smaller government is somehow bad.  But one of his movement’s founding forebears, Herb Croly, has already enshrined that concept in the Progressive religion:

To be sure, any increase in centralized power and responsibility, expedient or inexpedient, is injurious to certain aspects of traditional American democracy.  But the fault in that case lies with the democratic tradition; and the erroneous and misleading tradition must yield before the march of constructive national democracy….  [T]he average American individual is morally and intellectually inadequate to serious and consistent conception of his responsibilities as a democrat.

Klein argues, to return to the question of austerity and to questions of spending, taxes, and Big Government:

The point of austerity is to solve a deficit problem, not yoke the future to the imperfect forecasts of the past.  Once the deficit problem goes away, so too does the reason for austerity.

Of course, it should go the other way, too. The Bush tax cuts, which were passed to pay down a surplus, should be rescinded now that deficits have returned.  But Republicans don’t see it that way.

Based on what theory, exactly, should taxes be increased?  Klein declines to offer any support at all for this bald, unsubstantiated claim.  Not the first particle of a fact, not a single line of logic.  Part of his failure, though, stems from his misunderstanding that the Bush tax cuts were intended to “pay down a surplus” (has there been a more cynically offered non sequitur—”pay down a surplus?”) rather than to leave more of Americans’ money in their own hands.  But this is symptomatic of Klein’s blinders (yes, that’s contradictory.  Deal with it).  Big Government is such an obviously positive wonder that explanation seems contained in the statement.

He adds to his curious remark above this:

Rather, austerity is one of many arguments marshaled toward the long-term end of shrinking the size of government.  That’s why a deal that solves the deficit problem and then sees government spending rise in its eight year is a failure rather than a success—it betrayed the actual goal of shrinking the size of the government, even if it succeeded in the putative goal of balancing the budget.

Here’s the cynicism of his austerity claims.  Klein conflates austerity with reduced government spending, austerity with leaving more money in the hands of the individuals otherwise taxed—as though more money in private hands makes somehow for a more limited existence.  No, what is austere is taking money away from those who already are paying far more than their share by raising taxes on them; or taking money away from anyone by raising taxes in the middle of a failed recovery or while deficit spending remains out of control.

He does states a truth, yet fails to recognize it.  A budget that grows government is, rather tautologically, a failure.  One of the points of the goal of shrinking the size of government (beyond facilitating the preservation of individual freedoms and duties) is to exercise better control over its budget—so as to eliminate deficits (not just reduce them), so as to pay down (if not eliminate, from time to time) the debt and keep it under control.

Moreover, Conservatives don’t see the effectivity of raising taxes in times of deficits.  Of course, they don’t—spending cuts also reduce/eliminate deficits, and more efficiently so.  Spending cuts are immediate and direct (note that I’m talking about actual cuts, not the accounting games that both parties play, wherein they claim a reduction in the rise in spending rate is a cut).  Tax increases, though, however well-intended, get diverted into funding another neat program—there’s always a neat program waiting for money—rather than get used to reduce deficits.

But Klein, like all pseudo-wonks of the Left, simply can’t conceive of spending cuts.  He can’t conceive of letting Americans see to their own ends without (his) Big Government hanging over their shoulder making sure that the ends are appropriate and that their satisfaction is via an approved means.

Klein concludes

There’s little doubt that a mixture of tax increases and spending cuts could bring deficits to manageable levels within a few years.  Add in some stimulus and we could even protect the recovery between here and there.  Moreover, since the discretionary spending cuts have already been made, the next set of spending cuts will likely focus on entitlements.

“Add in some stimulus….”  So much for the spending cuts.  He just doesn’t understand the whole premise of reducing spending.  But economics also is more than 100 years old, and so confusing to someone who finds it inconvenient.

And, yes, Ezra, there is considerable doubt that “a mixture of tax increases and spending cuts could bring deficits to manageable levels.”  That’s why there’s this debate in DC.

Finally: shrinking government would accomplish all of this, too, and it would make the manageability of the deficits more permanent.  But Klein ignores the larger point (I’m confident that he sees it, for all his confusion): even a manageable deficit represents debt growth, and our current debt of $161/3 trillion and growing already is at unsustainable levels—interest payments alone currently run to $220 billion/year and that’s only going to get worse as the coming Bernanke Inflation begins to take hold, driving up interest rates.  Imagine the precious entitlements that could be funded with that money were it not wasted on the debt of the profligate.  Imagine the national defense capability that could be had for that kind of money (which would represent a one-third increase in the 2012 DoD budget).  Imagine the real stimulus our economy could have were that money committed to a $220 billion reduction in the taxes Americans pay to Klein’s bloated government.

Spending cuts, though, as the means to eliminate deficits in order to enable paying down national debt, and shrinking government to a proper size so as to maintain that reduced spending and taxation, is inconceivable to today’s Progressives.

President Obama’s Fiscal Cliff and 401(k)s

Are our 401(k)s at risk from the Obama Fiscal Cliff?  To the extent that they are (and I don’t know that they are), consider some ramifications.  Here’s one way such a risk might unroll:

The Bipartisan Policy Center’s Debt Reduction Task Force has one way to help fix the deficit: reduce 401(k) contributions by 64% using a 20/20 Cap.  Under the 20/20 Cap, contributions would be limited to the lesser of 20% of pay or $20,000 a year.  All those pretax dollars designated for retirement will now be taxable income and Treasury will fill with additional tax revenues.

I’ll leave aside BPC‘s cynical assumption that our money actually belongs to the government, that they’re somehow entitled to it (now there’s an entitlement program…).  Here are a couple of those ramifications.

A single employee who earns $60,000 per year can contribute $17,500 to a 401(k) in 2013.

After taking the personal exemption and the standard deduction, the single employee would be in the 15% federal tax bracket. Under the 20/20 Cap, assuming the 401(k) has a 4% match, the same single employee earning $60,000 per year would be limited to a $9,600 401(k) contribution and will now be in the 25% federal tax bracket paying $1,700 more in taxes.

It’s true that those $17.5k represent 29% of his income, but with disciplined budgeting (he’s single, recall) it’s not so far-fetched.  He will be stretched, but getting hit with an additional $1,700 in taxes will hurt—possibly to the point of blowing up his retirement plans.

With a 64% reduction in contributions, many small businesses may terminate their plans–forcing employees to save money on their own.  After all, why pay plan fees and other administrative costs if the amount of income that can be deferred is reduced to basically the amount of an IRA contribution?

Indeed.  I was chairman of my employer’s 401(k) Plan Board of Trustees a number of years ago.  For our 25-employee company, the typical fee for that sized plan ran to $20,000.  Which is why we had a Board of Trustees and ran our own Plan.  Have the fees changed all that much since?

There’s one more, though, with serious long-range implications.  Reduced contributions to our (private) 401(k) plans while we’re working means a smaller nest egg when we retire.  Which means greater dependence on a Social Security System that will be bankrupt by that day.  Which means both we’re being a greater burden on our fellows in our retirement and we’re living much more poorly than we would have had we been able to accumulate a larger nest egg.

Here’s an example, of just 10 years’ duration.  My wife, being older than 50, is able to contribute, presently, $23,000 per year beginning in 2013.  With the 20/20 cap, that would drop to $20,000 per year.  Note that I’m assuming no changes over the 10 years—including in tax treatment and limit increases.  I’m also assuming a 4% real (after inflation) return on 401(k) investments.

After 10 years, that higher contribution rate will have produced a nest egg of a bit over $276,000, while the limited contribution rate will have grown only to a skosh (that’s the technical term) over $240,000.  That’s a 13% reduction in the value of our nest eggs from such a cap.  Blow that up over 20 years—yes, this contribution rate is possible; you’re in your mid-40s and entering your peak earning years at 20 years prior to retirement.  That nearly 13% annual shortfall only expands the deficiency of the capped 401(k)’s outcome—now it’s nearly $89,500, some 150% greater, short by more than four years’ worth of capped contributions.

Some Outcomes of the Obama Fiscal Cliff

Sudeep Reddy described, in a recent Wall Street Journal op-ed, a few that will occur in the coming year.

  • Jan 1: New provisions take effect including higher payroll taxes, income taxes and investment taxes.

In truth, the payroll tax “holiday” was an act of monumental stupidity by both parties—but then I repeat myself.  With Social Security already nearing bankruptcy (the timing works out to just a Presidential election cycle or two from today), reduce the funding for it by nearly a sixth.  Yeah.

The payroll tax cut also points up the dishonesty of the Progressives in Congress and in the White House.  President Barack Obama, for instance, is on record as saying that such a cut in Americans’ taxes is good for all Americans.  Indeed, he’s gone so far as to propose boosting it to 3% and including businesses by proposing a 3% cut in their side of the payroll taxes.  Yet he, and his fellow Progressives, refuse to consider making those 3% an income tax cut and making the reduction permanent.

  • Jan 2: $110 billion in spending cuts scheduled to begin, hitting domestic and military spending.

This is as inevitable as Obama can make it.  Enormous defense cuts have been a Progressive dream for 50 years.

  • Late February, early March: the US is expected to reach its congressionally mandated borrowing limit.
  • March 27: A deal to fund the federal government expires.
  • Mid-2013: If Congress crafts a two-step deal to avert the fiscal cliff, this could be the deadline for tackling part two, including any unresolved tax and entitlement issues.

The tax and entitlement “issues” are already settled.  Senator Chuck Schumer (D, NY), et al., has already said that there are no entitlement issues; entitlements are not to be cut; they’re not even to be discussed.  Period.  Moreover, Obama has already said he’ll veto any bill that doesn’t include tax rate increases (his latest “flexibility” on that item is just eye-wash for the chattering classes.  That’s clear from his “stopgap” proposal: let taxes rise for those above his originally demand demanded threshold—$200k/$250k.)  The tax question already has been resolved in another way, too: Obama gets his tax rate increases in the absence of a deal.

Progressive Cooperation and the Fiscal Cliff

In last weekend’s interview with NBC‘s “Meet the Press,” President Barack Obama said this with a straight face, according to The Wall Street Journal:

Singling out the two GOP legislative leaders, House Speaker John Boehner of Ohio and Mr [Mitch] McConnell of Kentucky, the president added that “Congress has not been able to get this stuff done.” The reason, he said, is “not because Democrats in Congress don’t want to go ahead and cooperate, but because I think it’s been very hard for Speaker Boehner and Republican leader McConnell to accept the fact that taxes on the wealthiest Americans should go up a little bit, as part of an overall deficit reduction package.”

Really?  Based on what theory must “taxes on the wealthiest Americans…go up a little bit?”  The revenues collected won’t amount to walking around money compared to your budget deficits.

Democrats want to cooperate?  What was the Senate vote on the fiscal cliff spending solution (albeit for only six months) which the House passed last September?

What were the vote outcomes on the Federal budgets the House passed each of the last two years?

What were the Senate votes on any of the 40, or so, jobs-related bills passed by the House and sent up to the Senate in this Congressional session?

What were the deficits contained in your own budget proposals which you sent to Congress in each of the last three years?  Oh, wait—most of the Democrats (yourself, only, excluded) did cooperate on these: you couldn’t even get a single vote, Democrat or Republican, on any of those “budgets.”

Where are your Democrats on entitlement reform or on spending cuts—real ones, now, not reductions in growth rates that you masquerade as cuts, to occur some time in a nebulous future?

What was it you threatened to do in your 2013 inaugural and State of the Union speeches if you don’t get your way on taxes?  Oh, yeah.  You said

[you] would use [your] inaugural address and [your] State of the Union speech to tell the country the Republicans were at fault.

You berate Republicans for acting against 98% of Americans by holding out for no tax increase on the remaining 2%.  Yet you’re ready—anxious—to blow up our economy and gravely harm honest, hard-working Americans because, having already gotten 98% of what you claim you want, You’re greedy and want more.  Where’s your cooperation?

Where is any Democrat’s cooperation, Mr Obama?  You’ve offered no evidence to support your assertion.

Another Fiscal Cliff

From Fox News:

[A] potential strike by thousands of dock workers from Boston to Houston threatens to shock the economy as early as this weekend.  …it could cost billions, citing estimates that a 10-day port lockout in 2002 cost $1 billion a day—and caused a major backlog in shipments.

[The present] port strike would affect more than the East and Gulf coasts, where all these ports are located.  It could choke supply chains across the country.  Groups ranging from the automobile industry to the National Retail Federation to the US Chamber of Commerce to the Cheese Importers Association of America are warning of dire consequences.

The primary beef?  Management wants to cap the current container fee royalties, rather than letting them continue to rise according to International Longshoremen’s Association schedules.

It’s important to note that those royalty fees are little more than featherbedding on the docks.  As The United States Maritime Alliance, Ltd (USMX), notes,

[C]ontainer royalties were established in 1960 as a way to protect members of the International Longshoremen’s Association, AFL-CIO (ILA) in New York from job losses created by containerization and its introduction of automated cargo.

Because shippers are job welfare programs for the ILA, after all.  Keep those buggy whip workers employed, no matter the costs to Americans.  Never mind that there aren’t any buggy whip workers anymore, anyway.

[O]nly 136 of the 3,281 ILA workers at the Port of New York and New Jersey today were working at the port in 1968….

The Port of New York and New Jersey was the original and only port at which the ILA was active during the transition to container shipping.  The rest of the ports up and down the east and Gulf coasts through Florida began life with containerized cargo.

Moreover, containerization has been beneficial to labor.  ILA workers at ports like Savannah, Charleston, and the rest saw their job opportunities grow specifically because of containerization.

On top of this, the royalty payments don’t all make it into the pockets of the ones being featherbedded.  Ten per cent—which ran to $21 million in 2011—were raked off the top by the workers’ union management, as the union’s vig.

In the end, the union doesn’t care about the economic damage done by the strike they’re threatening, nor do they care that their strike has so little economic purpose.  This isn’t even about protecting a featherbedding perk—USMX is willing to keep paying the “royalty;” they just want an upper bound on a payment that has nothing to do with the work being done.

No, this is about union power and the unions’ decision to use extortionate-type actions to maintain/increase it.  It’s a legal version of the violence they threatened in Wisconsin and Michigan, and of the dishonesty shown by the Wisconsin Teachers’ Union a year ago.

Update: Michelle Malkin provides one:

A deal has been struck that for now averts a strike by 14,500 longshoremen at major ports on the East Coast and Gulf of Mexico, including PortMiami and Port Everglades.

A federal mediator announced Friday that an expired contract for workers in the International Association of Longshoremen would be extended for another 30 days while negotiations continue.